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LA Johnson/NPR
NPR
A Tech-Based
Tool To Address Campus Sexual Assault
Anya Kamanetz
December 6, 2017
Jessica Ladd was sexually assaulted while at Pomona College, just as
one in five college women are. She says she found the reporting
process, "more traumatic than the assault" itself. She felt "like I
didn't have control. A lack of agency. I wasn't believed, and ended up
regretting reporting."
Ladd, now 31, put her experience "in a box in my mind." She graduated,
studied epidemiology and went to work in the area of STD prevention.
But as the conversation started to change around sexual assault on
campus, with the Obama administration pushing for schools to take a
more active role in enforcement, she felt it was time to step forward
and attack the problem.
Her solution is called Callisto: a software platform for secure online
reporting of sexual abuse and harassment. It launched two and a half
years ago and is currently in use on 12 campuses with a total of
149,000 students. It's designed to increase the rate of reporting, the
accuracy of reports, and give clearer, more actionable information both
to survivors and to institutions. And it has one more special feature:
It has the potential to help identify the repeat offenders who are
thought to commit most sexual assaults.
Most research indicates that sexual crimes are underreported. One issue
is that survivors may feel uncomfortable with something that has
happened, but are unready or unwilling to make a formal accusation with
their names attached.
Using Callisto, students can log on 24/7 to write a secure online
account of their experience. The questions are based on best practices
for investigating victims of traumatic events. The written account is
encrypted and time-stamped. That feature is important, Ladd says,
becasue when people report soon after an incident, recall is stronger
and the details can be more clear. Ladd points to research that the
time lag between sexual assaults and complaints on campuses averages 11
months.
Once they've written down what happened, students have several options.
They can simply save it and come back to it at any time. They can send
it to their campus Title IX coordinator as a formal complaint. They can
download it and go directly to police. Or, there is a special option
called "matching." In this case, the survivor names the accused with a
unique identifier like a Facebook profile. If, and only if, someone
else accuses the same person, the survivor agrees that their own report
will be surfaced to campus authorities.
"For a lot of victims, knowing they are not the only one can be an
important part of deciding to disclose," says Ladd. The cascade of
#metoo revelations of the past several weeks, with one victim often
echoed by several more, underscores that point.
"I need someone to be able to report at 2 a.m. from bed," says Gretchen
Dahlinger Means, who is both the Title IX coordinator and the director
of equity and diversity at the University of Southern California. She
hails the importance of Callisto in reaching a demographic of young
people who "live on their phones."
Many tools and companies like Callisto sprung up after the 2011 "Dear
Colleague" letter from the Obama administration directed colleges to
take a harder tack on Title IX enforcement.
There are now training programs for administrators, tracking programs
for campus security staff and education programs for students —
Dahlinger Means calls it the "rape-industrial complex." But Callisto,
she says, focuses on the issue of response, rather than prevention, and
offers a service that is better targeted and more mission-driven than
most.
And Callisto has been expanding its reach, even as Trump's education
secretary Betsy DeVos has walked back that Obama-era guidance and
called for a balance between the rights of victims and those of the
accused.
Before Dahlinger Means started at USC, she was with the U.S. Marine
Corps. She points out that both on campuses and in the military,
institutions investigating Title IX complaints have a "duty of care" to
both parties. And better information, she says, can help them execute
that duty.
"I think Callisto is really an absolute good in terms of what it can
offer students and campuses," says Miriam Feldblum, the Vice President
for Student Affairs and Dean of Students at Pomona, Jess Ladd's alma
mater and another new Callisto client. "We advertise Callisto from the
first day that students step on campus," she says.
The number of reports of sexual assault have doubled across colleges
using Callisto, says Ladd. Of those who log in, about half produce a
written record, 20 percent choose to make a formal report, and 30
percent choose the "match" option.
Even if the record stays anonymous, colleges are getting useful
high-level information, such as whether there is a large number of
complaints during school breaks or around a specific campus location.
And, Ladd says, people using Callisto are speaking up faster: On
average, they record what happens to them three months later, and if
they choose to make a formal report, on average, they do so a month
later.
Since sexual assault and harassment became a daily item in the
headlines, Ladd's small, all-woman-led nonprofit startup has been
inundated with requests from business and nonprofits — "entertainment,
technology, journalism," she says. Funding is their biggest constraint
right now.
Her ultimate vision is big: a central site where survivors, whether in
school or in the workplace, can come to learn about their rights and
tell their story — and if they name the same perpetrator, they can
connect with each other securely.
"How do we start to give power back to victims? One of the ways is to
help them find each other," she says.
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