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NPR Ed
Betsy DeVos Confirmed
As Education Secretary
Anya Kamenetz
February 7, 2017
Today the Senate confirmed Betsy DeVos as President Trump's education
secretary, 51-50. Vice President Pence had to cast an unprecedented
tie-breaking vote, after hearings that became fodder for Saturday Night
Live; after angry constituents swamped Senate offices with 1.5 million
calls a day; after two Republican senators defected; and Democrats held
the floor overnight in protest.
The 59-year-old philanthropist and activist from Michigan takes over
the leadership and management of a federal bureaucracy with 4,400
employees and a $68 billion annual budget.
Now, the question is: How much will actually change for the nation's 50
million public school students and 20 million college students?
Perhaps her opponents should take a deep breath. The federal role in
education policy is limited. Less than 10 percent of funding for K-12
schools comes from the feds, for example.
That said, here's what we'll be watching in the coming weeks and months.
On the higher ed side
The Higher Education Act is up for reauthorization. Three issues that
may come up early in a DeVos Education Department: the role of
for-profits, college costs and enforcement of Title IX (which governs
sex discrimination, including sexual assault cases).
On Title IX: DeVos said in her hearing that it would be "premature" to
say she would uphold department guidance that asks colleges to take an
active role against sexual assault.
On college costs: "Free tuition" proposals drew a lot of Democratic
fans during the presidential campaign. DeVos was dismissive of the idea
in her hearing: "There's nothing in life that's truly free."
On for-profit colleges: During the Obama administration, the
department, along with the newly formed Consumer Financial Protection
Bureau, went after many for-profit colleges, with allegations of fraud
and predatory lending. Two were forced to shut down: Corinthian
Colleges and ITT Technical Institute.
Meanwhile, the gainful employment rule required colleges to demonstrate
that they were preparing a significant percentage of their students for
the job market. When questioned by Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass.,
DeVos said she would "review" rather than uphold that rule.
On the K-12 side
Regular readers of our NPR Ed blog know that the main K-12 education
law was reauthorized last year as the Every Student Succeeds Act, ESSA,
which covers annual testing, among other things. The new law gave more
authority to the states, at the expense of the federal government, to
identify and remedy failing schools.
The Trump administration has already paused the process of ESSA
implementation. Republicans in Congress have moved to use a
little-known law called the Congressional Review Act to throw out the
new accountability rules altogether. That leaves states in a situation
that some Democrats and advocates have dubbed "chaos and delay." Other
groups, including the National Governors Association, have said they
welcome having still more authority at the state level.
Some civil rights advocates have raised concerns that, in the absence
of a strong federal hand, some states will be less vigilant than others
in identifying and correcting historic educational inequities of race
and class.
DeVos' responses to Sen. Patty Murray, D-Wash., in her controversial
written questionnaire, indicate that she comes down on the side of
states' rights: "It is necessary and critical for states to have
flexibility to determine how to identify and improve schools."
DeVos' department may take a leaf from Arne Duncan's book and set up a
competitive grant program that encourages states to expand school
choice. If so, we'll likely be hearing more about the benefits of
private, virtual, religious and for-profit schools.
The school reforms DeVos backed in Michigan have favored for-profit
charter school operators. And her husband previously held financial
stakes in the for-profit and online K12 Inc., whose numbers she
(erroneously) cited in defending virtual schools in her written answers
to the Senate.
The organization she chaired, the American Federation for Children,
favors both vouchers and a device called "tax credit scholarships,"
which allows companies to offset tax liability by funding students to
attend private schools. In Florida, which the AFC has called out as a
model program, 70 percent of these scholarships go to religiously
affiliated schools.
Read this article and more at NPR ED
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